preservation audiovisual film motion picture training education masters degree digital copyright conservation
MIAP Spring 2008 – Conservation and Preservation: Principles – H72.1802 Tuesdays, 10:00 – 12:00 Noon
Duane A. Watson duane.watson@gmail.com Office Hours: Tuesday, 12:30 – 2:30 and by appointment
Course Description:
An introduction to the basic principles and methods of conserving and preserving the wide range of materials found in libraries, archives, special and heritage collections. Topics include the history of preservation, collections care, maintenance and environmental issues, commercial preservation options, selection for preservation, security, issues in paper and photographic preservation and conservation, disaster planning and recovery, issues relating to non–print materials, preservation reformatting, digital imaging and the preservation and responsibility for cultural heritage. Two three hour sessions on still photography will be scheduled at the Metropolitan Museum with photographic conservator Nora Kennedy on April 1 and April 8. One six–hour Saturday class will be scheduled with conservator Alan Balicki at the New York Historical Society on the 8th of March. Other site visits and guests may be arranged.
Course Objectives:
To introduce students to:
- 1. issues and options for the preservation of collections in all formats.
- 2. causes of collection deterioration and options for prolonging useful longevity
- 3. roles of collection stewards in the conservation and preservation of collections.
- 4. tools available in the conservation and preservation field.
- 5. need for networking, staff and user education and training.
Students completing this course should:
- 1. understand the nature of current preservation problems, their origins and the resources and possible solutions to address them.
- 2. understand and be able to identify preservation needs and the issues to be addressed in implementing and administering a preservation program.
- 3. have necessary skills to evaluate technological options and strategies as they relate to specific collections and types of materials
- 4. understand issues related to fund raising and grant writing for preservation projects and collection needs.
- 5. be able to see the role of collection care and preservation within the larger institutional environment
Professional Tools:
- Students are expected to become familiar with preservation and conservation journals, Internet lists and websites.
Evaluation of Student Performance will be based on:
- 1. Readings as assigned
- 2. 2–3 page essay on Human–Built World
- 3. 1–2 page review of each class taught by guest speakers
- 4. 1–2 page review of each site visit
- 5. Attendance and class participation.
- 6. Review of book chosen from reading list. See page 8.
- 7. Case study of a digital collection
Outline of Course Content and Readings:
Texts:
- Adelstein, Peter Z. IPI Media Storage Quick Reference. Rochester, NY: Image Permanence Institute, 2004.
- Field Guide to Emergency Response (with Emergency Response and Salvage Wheel). Washington, DC: Heritage Preservation, 2006.
- Patkus, Beth. Assessing Preservation Needs: A Self-Survey Guide. Andover, MA: NEDCC, 2003. This manual is available online at: http://nedcc.org/welcome/pubs.htm and in print at the Study Center.
- Ritzenthaler, Mary Lynn. Preserving Archives and Manuscripts. Chicago, IL: Society of American Archivists, 2003. (No longer in print. New edition to be available fall of 2008.) Students will read sections from the 2003 edition.
Other resources:
- Adelstein, Peter Z. IPI Media Storage Quick Reference. Rochester, NY: Image Permanence Institute, 2004.
- Ballofet, Nelly & Jenny Hille. Preservation and Conservation for Libraries and Archives. Chicago, IL: American Library Association, 2005.
- Banks, Paul N. and Roberta Pilette, eds. Preservation: Issues and Planning. Chicago and London: American Library Association, 2000.
- Conservation Online (CoOl) http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/
- Eaton, George T. (1987) Photographic Chemistry in Black-and-White and Color Photography. Dobbs Ferry, NY: Morgan & Morgan, Inc. Third edition.
- Frey, Franziska. Digital Imaging for Photographic Collections: Foundations for Technical Standards
- Eaton, George T. (1987) "History of Processing and Image Stability" in Pioneers of Photography: Their Achievements in Science and Technology. Springfield, VA: SPSE--The Society for Imaging Science and Technology, pp. 87–93.
- Mustardo, Peter and Nora Kennedy. (1994) Photograph Preservation: Basic Methods of Safeguarding Your Collections. Mid-Atlantic Regional Archives Conference (MARAC), Technical Leaflet Series, Number 9.
- Norris, D. (1992) "The Conservation Treatment of Deteriorating Photographic Print Materials," Postprints from The Imperfect Image: Photographs Past, Present and Future, The Centre for Photographic Conservation, London, United Kingdom, pp. 301–367.
- Nyberg, Sandra. (1987 updated) "Invasion of the Giant Mold Spore," http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/byauth/nyberg/spore.html
- Ogden, Sherelyn (ed.) Preservation of Library & Archival Materials: A Manual. Third edition. Andover, Mass.: Northeast Document Conservation Center, 1999. This manual is available online at: http://nedcc.org/welcome/pubs.htm and in print at the Study Center.
- Reilly, James. Care and Identification of 19th Century Photographic Prints. Rochester, NY: Eastman Kodak Company, 1986.
- Reilly, James. IPI Storage Guide for Acetate Film. Rochester, NY: Image Permanence Institute, 2004.
- Reilly, James M. (2003) "Measuring Environmental Quality in Preservation." in The Strategic Stewardship of Cultural Resources: To Preserve and Protect, pp. 135–140.
- Reilly, James. Storage Guide for Color Photographic Materials. Rochester, NY: Image Permanence Institute, 2004.
- RLG DigiNews
- Seales, W. Brent, James Griffioen, & Kevin Kiernan. The Digital Atheneum – Restoring Damaged Manuscripts
- Wilhelm, Henry and Carol Brower. The Permanence and Care of Color Photographs: Traditional and Digital Color Prints, Color Negatives, Slides, and Motion Pictures. Grinnell, IA: Preservation Publishing Company. 1993. This seminal publication on photographic materials preservation is now available in PDF form by individual chapter or in its entirety.
CLASS SCHEDULE AND ASSIGNMENTS
Class 1 – January 22
- Review syllabus, reading list and assignments
- Introduction of Preservation of Library and Archival Materials
- Overview of history of preservation activities
- Current preservation issues in libraries, archives, museums and heritage institutions
- Assignment
- Reading: Hughes, Thomas P., Human–Built World: How To Think About Technology and Culture. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2004/2005.
Class 2 – January 29
- Discussion: Human-Built World
- Class exercise: Identifying Preservation Needs
- Assignment:
- Essay on Human-Built World Due February 19.
In his introduction, Thomas P. Hughes indicates two Overarching Themes: Creativity and Human–Built World. Based on his discussion and examples throughout the book, write a 2–3 page essay explaining how you see these themes applying – positively and/or negatively – to the preservation of cultural heritage collections.
Class 3 – February 05
- Discussion: Human–Built World
- Collections: Materials and formats in research and hertitage collections.
- Examples and preservation decision making.
- Reading Assignment for February 12
- Resources, November 2001. (The entire report is available on the CLIR website under the Reports section.) Read pp. 1–54.
- Nichols, Stephen G. & Abby Smith. The Evidence in Hand: Report of the Task Force on the Artifact in Library Collections. Washington, D.C.: Council on Library and Information
Class 4 – February 12
- Discussion: "The Evidence in Hand"
- Assessing Collections: Patkus, Beth. Assessing Preservation Needs: A Self-Survey Guide. Andover, MA: NEDCC, 2003.
- Assignment:
- Readings: Introduction and Chapters 1 – 5 Preserving Archives and Manuscripts. (pp. 1–66) (Photocopy of these chapters to be provided)
- Archives Preservation: Definitions and Context
- Implementing a Preservation Program
- Nature of Archival Materials
- Causes of Deterioration
- Creating a Sympathetic Environment
Class 5 – February 19 (Essay on Human–Built World Due)
- Discussion:
- Introduction and Chapters 1 – 5 Preserving Archives and Manuscripts. (pp. 1–66)
- Archives Preservation: Definitions and Context
- Implementing a Preservation Program
- Nature of Archival Materials
- Causes of Deterioration
- Creating a Sympathetic Environment
- IPI Media Storage Quick Reference.
Class 6 – February 26
- Discussion:
- Storage and Storage Environments
Class # 7 – March 04
- Discussion:
- Handling
- Staff and user education
Class 8 – March 08
New-York Historical Society (10 – 5, Saturday) Alan Balicki, Senior Conservator
- Environment
- Disaster recovery
- Storage
March 18 Spring Recess – No Class
Assignment – Remember Writing Assignment is due on April 15Class 9 – March 25
- Discussion of Preservation Management and Responsibilities
Class 10 – April 1
Reading Assignment:- Kennedy, Nora. The Coming of Age of Photograph Conservation. ICOM Committee for Conservation. 11th Triennial Meeting Edinburgh, Scotland. 1-–6 September 1996. Preprints Volume II.
- Zinkham, Helena. "Reading and Researching Photographs." Archival Outlook. January/February 2007. Chicago, IL.: Society of American Archivists. Pp. 6–7, 28.
Class 11 – April 8 (Note that is will be a 3 hour class: 10:00 AM – 1:00 PM)
Still Photography – Nora Kennedy, The Metropolitan Museum of Art- History of Photography
- Chemistry of Photography
- Identifying processes and time periods
- Assignment: Readings assigned by Nora Kennedy
Class 12 – April 15 (Note that this will be a 3 hour class: 10:00 AM – 1:00 PM)
- Still Photography Ð Nora Kennedy, The Metropolitan Museum of Art
- Handling and storing photographs
- Cleaning and Mending
Class 13 – April 22
- Roberta Pilette, Director, Yale University Preservation Program
- Film preservation projects at Yale University
Class 14 – April 29 – Last Class
- Preservation of special formats:
- Oversized and Mixed Media; Photography;
- Photo Albums and Scrapbooks; Posters and Flat Paper collections; Heritage materials
- Assessment and suggestions
Writing Assignment (Due April 15)
Each of the books on the list below has a relationship to library and archival preservation. In some cases, that relationship is very clear; in others, it may be more of a challenge to identify the connection. The purpose of the assignment is to stretch your thinking about preservation and archives, to move it beyond the daily routine of providing users with useable materials to thinking about the stewardship of collections today and their availability in the future.
Your response to the book will be subjective, but your comments should be substantiated by evidence supporting your thesis, evidence from the book itself and other resources that you might wish to use. Your paper should resemble one of the in depth book reviews in the New York Times or The New York Review of Books. That is, it should go beyond the book to include your supported comments, your reactions based on your own experience or knowledge and the preservation and access to library, archive and heritage collections which form the basis of this course.
Format: Double space, 12 point type, no fewer than 5 pages (plus bibliographic sources, cover sheet Ð not necessary but ok Ð and any other attachments) and no more than 10 pages. Quality of writing and thinking surpass numbers of pages in the reviewerÕs assessment. This assignment will be due in class on March 27. It takes the place of a mid-term exam.
Bibliography: Select One
- Barrett, Timothy. Japanese Papermaking: Traditions, Tools, and Techniques. New York: Weatherhill, Inc., 1983.
- Basbanes, Nicholas A. Among the Gently Mad. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 2002.
- Basbanes, Nicholas A. A Gentle Madness. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 2002.
- Birkerts, Sven. The Gutenberg Elegies. New York: Fawcett Columbine, 1994.
- Carlebach, Michael L. Working Stiffs. Washington and London: Smithsonian Institution Press, 2002.
- Crawford, Walt and Michael Gorman. Future Libraries: Dreams, Madness & Reality. Chicago and London: American Library Association, 1995.
- Goldstone, Lawrence and Nancy. Warmly Inscribed. New York: St. Martin,s Press, 2001.
- Hughes, Thomas P. Human–Built World. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004.
- Man, John. Gutenberg: How One Man Remade the World with Words. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2002.
- Mist, Thomas J. Leonard to the Internet. Baltimore, Maryland: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004.
- Shorto, Russell. The Island at the Center of the World. New York: Doubleday, 2004.
- Sontag, Susan. On Photography. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1973, 1974, 1977.
- Sontag, Susan. Regarding the Pain of Others. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2003.
- Tenner, Edward. Why Things Bite Back. New York: Vintage Books, 1997.
- Tsien, Tsuen-Hsuin. Written on Bamboo and Silk. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1962.
- Winchester, Simon. The Map That Changed the World. New York: HarperCollins, 2001.
- Winchester, Simon. The Meaning of Everything. New York: HarperCollins, 2004.
- Winchester, Simon. The Professor and the Madman. New York: HarperCollins, 1998.